INTRODUCTION:

Breast-feeding is a personal decision a mother needs to make carefully, taking full into account the benefits and burdens it will bring to both mother and baby. Breast-feeding offers many benefits. It helps babies get the proper nutrition and can help mothers recover from pregnancy and delivery. Importantly, breast-feeding can promote a bond between mother and baby. It is estimated that approximately 62% of mothers breast-feed their children.

Expecting mothers planning to nurse should discuss breast-feeding with a physician, nurse, or certified lactation consultant before giving birth. A healthy baby can benefit from breast milk, bottled milk or a combination of the two.²

In WHO, Data from the 2014 breast feeding report card show that in 2011, 79% of newborn infants started breast feeding, 49% were breast feeding at 6 months and 27% were breast feeding at 12 month⁶

In India, Breast feeding rates are reported again at 6-8 weeks at the routine health review. We have seen consistent year on year increases in the number of women continuing to breast feeding in Bed ford Borough. In 2008=2009 41% of infants were still breast feeding at 6-8 weeks and during 2013-2014 the rate had increased to 49% which exceeded the end of year target of 48%. Regional and national rates have not been released due to incomplete data for 2013-2014 but Bed ford Borough compares well to these rates in previous years. The target for Bed fore Borough has been increased to 50% for 2014/15.⁹

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

A study to assess the effectiveness of nursing care package on early initiation of breast feeding among LSCS mothers in selected hospital at Puducherry.

OBJECTIVES:

· To assess the general examination of the breast.

· To evaluate the effectiveness of nursing care package on early initiation of breast feeding among LSCS mothers.

· To associated the nursing care package on early initiation of breast feeding among LSCS mother with selected demographic variables.

HYPOTHESIS:

H₁: There will be a significant difference on early initiation of breast feeding among LSCS mothers.

H₂: There will be a significant association between the nursing care package on initiation of breast feeding among LSCS mother’s with their selected demographic variables.

Assumptions:

· The LSCS mother may have early initiation of breast feeding.

· The LSCS mother may prevent the difficulties in initiating early breast feeding.

· The LSCS mother may be unaware of early initiation of breast feeding

Inclusion Criteria:

· All postnatal mothers who have undergone LSCS.

· Mothers with breast feeding problems.

Exclusion Criteria:

· LSCS mothers with complications like postpartum hemorrhage, psychosis.

· Multi gravida mothers who undergone LSCS

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A quantitative research approach and post -test only research design was used for this study. The sample consists of 50 postnatal mothers were admitted in SMVMCH and selected by using convenient sampling technique who fulfill the inclusion criteria. The data collection was done by using breast feeding assessment tool among postnatal mothers. The result was interpreted by using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Selection of tools:

Breast feeding assessment tool was selected for the study. It was considered to be the most appropriate instrument to elicit the responses from the LSCS mother

Development of the tools:

It was decided that the questionnaire would have two sections namely section – A demographic data section, section – B breast feeding assessment tool.

Section A: Demographics variables of mother such as age, educational status, occupation, income, residency, type of family, gravida, diet pattern, sex of baby, period of gestation, previous mode of delivery, order of birth.

Section B: It consists of breast feeding assessment scale (LATCH).

RESULTS:

Out of 50 LSCS mothers 6 (12%) in the age group of 16-20 years, 21-25 years 22(44%), 26-30 years 17(34%), above 30 years 5(10%), education status of the mothers 13(26%) of them are primary school graduate, 27(54%) of them are secondary school graduate, 10(20%) of them are degree graduate, occupation shows that 5(10%) are private, 31(62%) are unemployed, 14(28%) are own business, income the data shows that 19(18%) are below 5000, 31(62%) are 5000-10000, 10(20%) are 10000-15000, residency the data shows that 32(64%) are rural, 18(36%) are urban, type of family the data shows that 28(56%) are in nuclear family, 22(44%) are in joint family, gravida data shows that 28(56%) are belongs to primigravida, 22(44%) are multigravida, diet pattern data shows that 9(18%) are vegetarian.41(82%) are non-vegetarian, previous mode of delivery the data shows that 33(66%) are mother undergone LSCS, normal vaginal delivery 17(34%), period of gestation the data shows that 1(2%) belongs to below 37 weeks of gestation, 25(50%) are 37 weeks of gestation, 24(48%) are above 37 weeks of gestation, birth order shows that data 1^st baby 38(76%), 2^nd baby 2(24%) respectively.

Table 1: Frequency and percentage wise distribution on effectiveness of latch among LSCS mothers. N=50

Sl. No.	Effectiveness of latch	Post test
Sl. No.	Effectiveness of latch	N	%
1	GOOD LATCH SCORE	44	88
2	MODERATE LATCH SCORE	5	10
3	POOR LATCH SCORE	1	2

Shows the frequency and percentage wise distribution of the effectiveness of nursing care early initiation of breast feeding among LSCS mothers. The findings reveals that out of 50 LSCS mothers. The effectiveness of nursing care 44(88%) had good latch, 5(10%) had moderate latch, 1(2%) had poor latch respectively.

Table 2: Mean and standard deviation of effectiveness of latch among LSCS mothers. N=50

	MEAN	STANDARD DEVIATION
POST-TEST	8.44	1.930

Reveals that mean and standard deviation of early initiation of breast feeding among LSCS mothers out of 10 total score. The mean value was 8.44 and the standard deviation was 1.930.

Table – 3: Association between the selected demographic variables with effectiveness of latch among LSCS mothers. N=50

S. No	Demographic Variables	Good Latch		Moderate Latch		Poor Latch		_x2
S. No	Demographic Variables	N	%	n	%	n	%	_x2
1	Age in year
	a. 16 to 20 years	5	10	1	2	-	-	10.13**
	b. 21 to 25 years	20	40	2	4	-	-
	c. 26 to 30 years	14	28	2	4	1	2
	d. Above 30 years	5	10	-	-	-	-
2	Education status
	a. Illiterate	-	-	-	-	-	-
	b. Primary school graduate	14	28	-	-	-	-	3.88
	c. Secondary school graduate	22	44	4	8	1	2
	d. Degree graduate	8	16	1	2	-	-
3	Occupation
	a. Private	4	8	-	-	-	-
	b. Government	-	-	-	-	-	-	30.02**
	c. Unemployed	36	32	4	8	1	2
	d. Own Business	14	28	1	2	-	-
4	Income
	a. Below 5000	9	18	-	-	-	-
	b. 5000 – 10000	25	50	5	10	1	2	9.19
	c. 10000 – 15000	10	20	5	10	1	2
	d. Above 15000	-	-	-	-	-	-
5	Residency
	a. Rural	13	60	2	4	1	2	1.64
	b. Urban	15	30	2	4	-	-
6	Type of Family
	a. Nuclear family	25	50	2	4	1	2	1.94
	b. Joint family	19	38	3	6	-	-
7	Gravida
	a. Primigravida	24	48	3	6	1	2	6.14
	b. Multigravida	20	40	2	4	-	-
8	Diet Pattern
	a. Vegetarian	9	18	-	-	-	-	3.10
	b. Non-vegetarian	36	72	4	8	1	2
9	Sex of baby
	a. Male	22	44	3	6	-	-	0.95
	b. Female	22	44	2	4	1	2
10	Previous mode of delivery
	a. Normal vaginal delivery	29	58	3	6	1	2	11.82**
	b. LSCS	15	30	2	4	-	-
	c. Instrumental delivery	-	-	-	-	-	-
11	Period of gestation
	a. Below 37 weeks of gestation	1	2	-	-	-	-	0
	b. 37 weeks of gestation	23	46	2	4	-	-
	c. Above 37 weeks of gestation	20	40	3	6	1	2
12	Birth Order
	a. 1^st Baby	24	48	3	6	1	2	6.14
	b. 2^nd Baby	20	40	2	4	-	-

*-p <0.05 significant, **-p <0.01 and ***-p <0.001 highly significant

Table 3: Shows the chi-square of early initiation of breast feeding among LSCS effectiveness of nursing care. Reveals the association between the selected demographic variables with assessment effectiveness of early initiation of breast feeding among LSCS mothers. It was statistically found that the selected variables such as age, occupation, previous mode of delivery has highly significant of early initiation of breast feeding at the level of p<0.01.

CONCLUSION:

It has been found that out of 50 LSCS mothers majority age group is belongs to 21-25 years. Education states is secondary school graduate occupation is unemployed. Income is 5000-10000. Residency is rural, type of family is nuclear family, Gravida is primi gravida, Diet pattern is von vegetarian, sex of baby is male and female, mode of delivery is Normal vaginal delivery, and period of gestation is 37 weeks. This shows that the effectiveness of nursing care is very effective in the management of early initiation of breast feeding among LSCS Mothers.

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Received on 06.03.2024 Modified on 11.05.2024

A and V Pub Int. J. of Nursing and Medical Res. 2024; 3(3):113-116.

DOI: 10.52711/ijnmr.2024.25